{"id":1404,"date":"2024-05-08T17:39:40","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T17:39:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/?p=1404"},"modified":"2024-05-24T08:30:53","modified_gmt":"2024-05-24T08:30:53","slug":"photonic-crystal-preparation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/photonic-crystal-preparation\/","title":{"rendered":"Preparaci\u00f3n de cristales fot\u00f3nicos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Los cristales fot\u00f3nicos (Photonic Crystal) fueron fundados en 1987 por S. John y E. Yablonovitch. Propuestos de forma independiente, son una microestructura artificial formada por la disposici\u00f3n peri\u00f3dica de medios con diferentes \u00edndices de refracci\u00f3n. Los cristales fot\u00f3nicos son materiales de banda prohibida fot\u00f3nica y, desde la perspectiva de la estructura del material, los cristales fot\u00f3nicos son una clase de cristales dise\u00f1ados y fabricados artificialmente con estructuras diel\u00e9ctricas peri\u00f3dicas a escala \u00f3ptica. De manera similar a la modulaci\u00f3n de la funci\u00f3n de onda de los electrones por una red de semiconductores, los materiales de banda prohibida fot\u00f3nica son capaces de modular las ondas electromagn\u00e9ticas, con longitudes de onda correspondientes. Cuando las ondas electromagn\u00e9ticas se propagan en materiales de banda prohibida fot\u00f3nica, se modulan debido a la presencia de dispersi\u00f3n de Bragg, y la energ\u00eda de la onda electromagn\u00e9tica forma cristales fot\u00f3nicos con estructura de banda. Existe una banda prohibida entre las bandas, es decir, la banda prohibida de fotones. Los fotones con energ\u00eda en la banda prohibida de fotones no pueden ingresar al cristal. Los cristales fot\u00f3nicos y los semiconductores tienen muchas similitudes en cuanto a modelos b\u00e1sicos e ideas de investigaci\u00f3n y, en principio, las personas pueden dise\u00f1ar y fabricar cristales fot\u00f3nicos y sus dispositivos para controlar el movimiento de los fotones. La aparici\u00f3n de los cristales fot\u00f3nicos, tambi\u00e9n conocidos como materiales de banda prohibida de fotones, hizo posible el sue\u00f1o de manipular y controlar los fotones.<\/p>\n<p><b>1. Enorme<\/b>\u00a0<b>Matriz de microesferas de poliestireno de una sola capa<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Este producto autoensambla microesferas de poliestireno en una estructura de matriz de \u00e1rea grande, y la estructura se puede utilizar como plantilla para preparar una estructura de matriz de metal antiprote\u00edna.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1405 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/1-300x79.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"79\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/1-300x79.png 300w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/1-600x159.png 600w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/1-768x203.png 768w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/1.png 888w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Fig.1 Plantilla de microesferas de poliestireno con una gran \u00e1rea<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"center\">La microscop\u00eda electr\u00f3nica de barrido (SEM) mostr\u00f3 que las enormes microesferas de poliestireno exhibieron una forma de distribuci\u00f3n hexagonal y despu\u00e9s de ser bombardeadas con gas de plasma de ox\u00edgeno, el tiempo del bombardeo se pudo ajustar para formar una estructura de matriz de microesferas de poliestireno con espaciado ajustable, como se muestra en la Figura 2. Usando esta estructura como plantilla, se pueden preparar estructuras de nanoarrays de metal con diferentes espaciados y diferentes formas, que tienen una amplia gama de aplicaciones en detecci\u00f3n biol\u00f3gica y dispositivos optoelectr\u00f3nicos.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1406\" src=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/2-267x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/2-267x300.png 267w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/2-600x674.png 600w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/2-768x862.png 768w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/2.png 888w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Fig.2 Estructura de una matriz de microesferas de poliestireno de una sola capa con espaciado ajustable<\/p>\n<p><b>2. Enorme nanoestructura met\u00e1lica binaria<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Este producto se basa en la pel\u00edcula met\u00e1lica de pulverizaci\u00f3n i\u00f3nica con estructura de matriz de microesferas de poliestireno, utilizando el m\u00e9todo de recocido a alta temperatura para eliminar las microesferas de poliestireno, en la superficie del sustrato se puede formar una nanoestructura met\u00e1lica binaria, este producto toma el oro como ejemplo para formar una estructura de nanomatriz de oro binaria.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1407\" src=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/3-300x197.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/3-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/3-600x393.png 600w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/3-1024x671.png 1024w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/3-768x503.png 768w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/3.png 1077w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Fig.3 Estructura de nanoarray de oro binario<\/p>\n<p>Despu\u00e9s de pulverizar diferentes pel\u00edculas met\u00e1licas sobre la superficie de la plantilla de poliestireno, tambi\u00e9n se prepar\u00f3 la estructura binaria de nanoarreglo met\u00e1lico de nanopart\u00edculas de oro compuestas de di\u00f3xido de titanio mediante recocido a alta temperatura.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1408 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/4-300x198.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/4-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/4-600x396.png 600w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/4-768x507.png 768w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/4.png 1008w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Fig.4 Estructura de nanoarray met\u00e1lico binario compuesto de di\u00f3xido de titanio y nanopart\u00edculas de oro<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>3<\/b>.\u00a0<b>Estructura de matriz de microesferas de poliestireno \u201cDios de dos caras\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n<p>La matriz de microesferas de poliestireno \u00fanica preparada mediante el m\u00e9todo de autoensamblaje de la interfaz de soluci\u00f3n mixta formar\u00e1 una estructura de matriz de microesferas de poliestireno de \u201cdoble cara\u201d debido al cambio obvio del modo de distribuci\u00f3n de la estructura binaria formada por diferentes concentraciones.<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1409\" src=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/5-288x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"288\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/5-288x300.png 288w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/5-600x625.png 600w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/5-983x1024.png 983w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/5-768x800.png 768w, https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/5.png 1032w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 288px) 100vw, 288px\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Figura 5: Estructura binaria de una matriz de microesferas de poliestireno enorme<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Photonic crystals (Photonic Crystal) was founded\u00a0in\u00a01987\u00a0by\u00a0S. John\u00a0and\u00a0E. YablonovitchProposed independently, it is an artificial microstructure formed by the periodic arrangement of media with different refractive indices. Photonic crystals are photonic bandgap materials, and from the perspective of material structure, photonic crystals are a class of artificially designed and manufactured crystals with periodic dielectric structures at the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1407,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1404","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-applications"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1404","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1404"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1404\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1612,"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1404\/revisions\/1612"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1404"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1404"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanomicronspheres.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1404"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}